The patella, or kneecap, is a flat, triangular bone located at the front of the knee joint and connected to the lower leg through the patellar tendon. The function of the patella is to enhance the leverage of the quadriceps muscle on the knee joint and increase the stability of the knee joint.

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Sinding-Larsen-Johansson disease is a condition that mainly affects young athletes exposed to repeated stresses on the knee joint. It occurs when the tendon of the patellar ligament becomes inflamed and irritated at the kneecap. This leads to pain and swelling below the kneecap, particularly during movements that stress the patellar tendon, such as jumping or stair climbing.

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Diagnosis

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Diagnosis of Sinding-Larsen-Johansson disease is typically made through a physical examination and imaging such as X-rays or MRI.

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Treatment

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Treatment may initially involve conservative measures such as physiotherapy, anti-inflammatory medications, pain relievers, and rest. In some cases, injection of corticosteroids or hyaluronic acid into the affected area may also be recommended.

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In more severe cases where conservative measures are insufficient, surgery may be necessary. One possible surgery is the removal of bone fragments caused by tendon inflammation. In rare cases, surgical repair of the patellar tendon may also be necessary.

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Early treatment and prevention through stretching and strengthening exercises can help reduce the risk of patellar tendon disorders.